Celebrating Abortion
According to the World Health Organization, approximately 73 million induced abortions occur worldwide each year. This means that about 61% of all unintended pregnancies and 29% of all pregnancies end in induced abortion.
Between 2015 and 2019, studies estimated that China had an average of 17.7 million abortions per year, with an abortion rate of 49 per 1,000 women aged 15–49, one of the highest rates in Eastern and Southeastern Asia. In China, it has been estimated that a significant portion of abortions have historically been tied to sex-selective practices, specifically the preference for male children over female children. This trend has been fueled by a combination of traditional cultural norms valuing male heirs, the historical one-child policy (enforced from 1979 to 2015), and advancements in prenatal sex-determination technology.
Studies and reports suggest that millions of abortions in China may have been sex-selective, disproportionately targeting female fetuses. For instance, a 2019 paper published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences estimated that over the past decades, 10 to 15 million female births may have been “missing” in China due to sex-selective abortions, infanticide, or neglect.
A natural sex ratio at birth is about 105 males for every 100 females. However, in China, this ratio became skewed during the height of the one-child policy, reaching peaks of about 120 males to 100 females in some years and regions, indicating widespread sex-selective abortion practices.
Since the one-child policy ended in 2015 and the government began cracking down on illegal sex determination and sex-selective abortion, the sex ratio at birth has gradually moved closer to normal levels. Still, a cultural preference for males persists in some areas.
While precise data on the exact number of sex-selective abortions is difficult to determine due to the clandestine nature of the practice, it is clear that a significant proportion of the 17.7 million abortions performed annually in China during the one-child policy era (according to government statistics) were likely influenced by a preference for male children.
In 2022, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported 613,383 legal induced abortions from 48 reporting areas in the United States. This number rose sharply to over 1 million in 2023, hitting a new record since 2010.
In high-income countries with better access to healthcare, abortions for medical reasons (e.g., severe fetal abnormalities, life-threatening health conditions for the pregnant individual) are estimated to account for around 5-10% of all abortions. The vast majority of abortions are for sex selection, or due to inconvenience.
In the recently overturned Roe v Wade, Roe (a pseudonym) was a carnival barker, on her third pregnancy, which was highly inconvenient. Her case to abort the fetus went to the US Supreme Court, where she won her case in 1973 based on the constitutional right to privacy, and outlined a trimester framework (1st through 3rd) attempting to balance the mother’s privacy rights against the unborn child’s right to life. Ironically, Roe gave birth to a daughter while awaiting the outcome (1970), who was subsequently adopted, and lived a happy life with a family and raising three children. She expressed that while she didn’t want to represent anti-abortion, she wished that her birth mother would experience the joy of having a child.
These rights are difficult to assess, and in some ways hinge on one’s definition of when life begins and whether and when the fetus is alive. Some considerations:
Biological Perspective
Cellular Life: From the moment of conception (fertilization), the zygote is considered biologically “alive” because it is a growing, developing, and metabolizing organism with human DNA.
Heartbeat: The fetal heartbeat can typically be detected around 6-8 weeks of pregnancy using an ultrasound, and some consider this a sign of life.
Viability: Around 22-24 weeks, the fetus may be viable outside the womb with medical intervention. This threshold is often used in discussions about when life becomes independent of the mother.
Philosophical and Religious Perspectives
Different cultures and belief systems vary in their interpretation:
Some religions (e.g., Catholicism) consider life to begin at conception.
Others, like traditional Jewish thought, may consider life to fully begin at birth.
Philosophical views often hinge on the idea of consciousness or personhood, which some argue develops later in pregnancy or even after birth.
Legal Perspective
The legal definition of when a fetus is “alive” varies by jurisdiction:
In some places, legal protections for a fetus begin at conception.
In others, viability (22-24 weeks) or later stages of pregnancy are significant milestones.
Laws like “fetal heartbeat bills” define life at the detection of a heartbeat, while others may not recognize a fetus as “alive” until birth.
Ethical Considerations
The debate often revolves around personhood (the capacity for consciousness, sentience, or autonomy) versus biological life. For instance, while a fetus is biologically alive from conception, many question when it gains moral or legal rights.
Poignantly, I reflect on my own mother, pregnant with me at just 16, who—rightly or wrongly—resisted the pressure of her elders to end my existence before it began. Any one of us reading this could have faced a similar fate, yet here we are, alive to ponder the profound “what-ifs” of abortion. Link sentient minds and beating hearts with me now in a celebration of abortion, with those that never were.



